These works vary in intent and materials but are often paying homage to Marcel Duchamp in subtle ways. There is a dialogue between materials and their function, but are usually done in some opposing logical fashion. Some examples use classical architecture as a departure point, but the structures and proportions are authored with a surrealist narrative.

  The ‘constructivist’ wood sculpture Ice 9 (1979) pays tribute to both Caspar David Friedrich’s painting, The Sea of Ice (1824) and a nod to Kurt Vonnegut, and his concept of Ice 9 from his book 'Cat's Cradle'.